MAJOR PARTS & FUNCTIONS OF THE AIRCRAFT / AIRPLANE ✈ (By: Joanna April Lumbad)


⭐ Nose ⭐
🔹Leading or most forward part of airplane and it houses the radar on some airplane.
⭐ Fuselage ⭐
🔸 Main body of airplane.
⭐ Trim Tabs ⭐
🔹Located on the right aileron, rudder, and on each other.
🔸 Controls balance and it helps relieve control pressure.
⭐ Static Eliminators ⭐
🔹 Eliminates static electricity of radio receivers airplane structure.
✈ WINGS 🌍
🔹 Main producers of the force lift.
🔸 Leading edge (leading most portion)
🔹 Trailing edge (rearmost portion)
⭐ Aileron ⭐
🔹 Primary flight control
🔸 Allows aircraft to move on its longitudinal axis.
⭐ Flaps ⭐
🔹 Moving portion in tbe inboard part of wing.
✈ POWEPLANT/S 🌍
⭐ Nacelle ⭐
🔹 It houses the engine.
⭐ Cowling ⭐
🔸 Metal covering over and around the engine.
⭐ Cowl Flaps ⭐
🔹 Controls airflow through the engine cowling and aids in cooling the engine.
⭐ Propellers ⭐
🔸 Blades that rotates and create the force thrust and drive the airplane to move forward.
✈ Tail / Empennage 🌍
⭐ Vertical Stabilizer ⭐
🔹 Provide vertical mounting for rudder.
🔸 Provide directional stability.
⭐ Rudder ⭐
🔹 Changes direction of flight from left to right.
⭐ Horizontal Stabilizer ⭐
🔸 Provide elevator attachment for lateral stability.
⭐ Elevator ⭐
🔹 Hinged to the horizontal stabilizer.
🔸 Controls the up and down movement of the airplane nose (pitch up & down).
✈ Airplane Lights 🌍
⭐ Position Lights ⭐
🔹 At night it indicate a/c position and its direction of flight / movement.
✔ Green-starboardside (right wing tip)
✔ Red-postside (left wing tip)
✔ White-on tail of aircraft
⭐ Take-off / Landing Lights ⭐
🔸 Illuminate ground during taxiing, take-off and landing at night.
⭐ Anti-collision or Rotating Beacon ⭐
🔹 Rotating red light located on top of the rudder and or on the belly area of the aircraft.
🚩 FORCES ACTING
✈ Aerodynamics 🌍
🔹 Science relating to effects produced by air or other gases in motion.
✔ Aero - air
✔ Dynamic - Dynamis (Greek, power)
⭐ Airfoil ⭐
🔸 Aerodynamic design that produced lift.
⭐ Thrust ⭐
🔹 Power of engines & propellers to pull the airplane forward.
⭐ Drag ⭐
🔸 Friction of air over airplane surfaces that holds back plane.
⭐ Gravity (Weight) ⭐
🔹 Downward pull that measures heavinessof aircraft.
⭐ Lift ⭐
🔸 Upward pull created by the design of the wings.
✈ Winds 🌍
⭐ Tail Wind ⭐
🔹 Winds blowing from rear of plane that increases ground speed.
⭐ Head Wind ⭐
🔸 Winds blowing towards nose of airplane that decrease of slow down its movement or ground speed.
⭐ Crosswind ⭐
🔹 Winds coming from either side of airplane flight path that causes it to drift off course.
⭐ Variable Wind ⭐
🔸 Winds without any marked direction.
🚩 ALTITUDES & CONDITIONS
⭐ Bank ⭐
🔹 Change of airplane altitude from either left or right.
⭐ Overshoot ⭐
🔸 Flying beyond designated mark / area.
⭐ Undershoot ⭐
🔹 Landing short of the landing field or area.
⭐ Sack up ⭐
🔸 Several airplanes holding above airport at different altitudes waiting clearance for landing.
⭐ Warm up ⭐
🔹 Engine being tested before initial flight.
⭐ Full Feathering ⭐
🔸 Propeller blades edges are turned parallel to the line of flight.
🔹 Stops engine in case of engine trouble.
⭐ Auto Pilot ⭐
🔸 A build-in avionics gadget manually actuated to keep airplane in normal flight automatically.
🚩 TERMS
Describes Air pressure, speed & height flown by airplane:
⭐ Altitude ⭐
🔹 Vertical distance in feet or meters fron sea level.
⭐ Service Ceiling ⭐
🔸 Maximum altitude an airplane can fly.
⭐ Pressurization ⭐
🔹 Maintaining air pressure inside airplane cabin.
⭐ Turbulence ⭐
🔸 Atmospheric conditions caused by ascending or descending air currents.
⭐ Velocity or Speed ⭐
🔹 Rate of change of distance with respect to time.
⭐ Visibility ⭐
🔸 Greatest distance towards the horizon that can be identified by unaided eyes.

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